Transcriptional response of bathypelagic marine bacterioplankton to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Identifieur interne : 000276 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000275; suivant : 000277Transcriptional response of bathypelagic marine bacterioplankton to the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Auteurs : Adam R. Rivers [États-Unis] ; Shalabh Sharma [États-Unis] ; Susannah G. Tringe [États-Unis] ; Jeffrey Martin [États-Unis] ; Samantha B. Joye [États-Unis] ; Mary Ann Moran [États-Unis]Source :
- The ISME Journal [ 1751-7362 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
The Deepwater Horizon blowout released a massive amount of oil and gas into the deep ocean between April and July 2010, stimulating microbial blooms of petroleum-degrading bacteria. To understand the metabolic response of marine microorganisms, we sequenced ∼66 million community transcripts that revealed the identity of metabolically active microbes and their roles in petroleum consumption. Reads were assigned to reference genes from ∼2700 bacterial and archaeal taxa, but most assignments (39%) were to just six genomes representing predominantly methane- and petroleum-degrading Gammaproteobacteria. Specific pathways for the degradation of alkanes, aromatic compounds and methane emerged from the metatranscriptomes, with some transcripts assigned to methane monooxygenases representing highly divergent homologs that may degrade either methane or short alkanes. The microbial community in the plume was less taxonomically and functionally diverse than the unexposed community below the plume; this was due primarily to decreased species evenness resulting from Gammaproteobacteria blooms. Surprisingly, a number of taxa (related to SAR11,
Url:
DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2013.129
PubMed: 23902988
PubMed Central: 3834857
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>The Deepwater Horizon blowout released a massive amount of oil and gas into the deep ocean between April and July 2010, stimulating microbial blooms of petroleum-degrading bacteria. To understand the metabolic response of marine microorganisms, we sequenced ∼66 million community transcripts that revealed the identity of metabolically active microbes and their roles in petroleum consumption. Reads were assigned to reference genes from ∼2700 bacterial and archaeal taxa, but most assignments (39%) were to just six genomes representing predominantly methane- and petroleum-degrading Gammaproteobacteria. Specific pathways for the degradation of alkanes, aromatic compounds and methane emerged from the metatranscriptomes, with some transcripts assigned to methane monooxygenases representing highly divergent homologs that may degrade either methane or short alkanes. The microbial community in the plume was less taxonomically and functionally diverse than the unexposed community below the plume; this was due primarily to decreased species evenness resulting from Gammaproteobacteria blooms. Surprisingly, a number of taxa (related to SAR11, <italic>Nitrosopumilus</italic>
and <italic>Bacteroides</italic>
, among others) contributed equal numbers of transcripts per liter in both the unexposed and plume samples, suggesting that some groups were unaffected by the petroleum inputs and blooms of degrader taxa, and may be important for re-establishing the pre-spill microbial community structure.</p>
</div>
</front>
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<name sortKey="Joye, Samantha B" sort="Joye, Samantha B" uniqKey="Joye S" first="Samantha B" last="Joye">Samantha B. Joye</name>
<name sortKey="Martin, Jeffrey" sort="Martin, Jeffrey" uniqKey="Martin J" first="Jeffrey" last="Martin">Jeffrey Martin</name>
<name sortKey="Moran, Mary Ann" sort="Moran, Mary Ann" uniqKey="Moran M" first="Mary Ann" last="Moran">Mary Ann Moran</name>
<name sortKey="Sharma, Shalabh" sort="Sharma, Shalabh" uniqKey="Sharma S" first="Shalabh" last="Sharma">Shalabh Sharma</name>
<name sortKey="Tringe, Susannah G" sort="Tringe, Susannah G" uniqKey="Tringe S" first="Susannah G" last="Tringe">Susannah G. Tringe</name>
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